Analisis Efisiensi dan Produktivitas Bank Umum Konvensional di Indonesia
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi dan produktivitas bank umum konvensional di Indonesia. Analisis efisiensi menggunakan pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) dan analisis produktivitas menggunakan Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). Hasil analisis terhadap 106 bank umum konvensional yang terbagi atas 5 bank kategori BUKU IV, 12 bank kategori BUKU III, 33 bank kategori BUKU II, dan 56 bank kategori BUKU I diperoleh hasil, pertama: tingkat efisiensi bank umum konvensional di Indonesia selama tahun 2006 – 2015 menunjukkan tingkat efisiensi yang relatif lambat dan rendah; kedua: produktivitas bank umum konvensional rata – rata rendah dengan pertumbuhan produktivitas selama 2010 – 2015 hanya 0,5 persen; Ketiga: sebagian besar bank umum konvensional berada pada kuadran 4 yakni memiliki tingkat efisiensi dan produktivitas yang relatif rendah atau memiliki kinerja yang buruk (poor performance). Disusul dengan bank yang masuk pada kuadran 3 yakni bank dengan tingkat efisiensi yang rendah namun di sisi lain memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan produktivitas tinggi atau memiliki kinerja yang wajar (fair performance).
Kata Kunci : Efisiensi Bank, Produktivitas Bank, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI).
ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze the efficiency and productivity of conventional commercial banks in Indonesia. Efficiency analysis uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach and productivity analysis using the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). The results of the analysis of 106 conventional commercial banks divided into 5 banks in BUKU IV category, 12 banks in BUKU III category, 33 banks in BUKU II category, and 56 BUKU I category banks obtained the first, the efficiency level of conventional commercial banks in Indonesia during 2006 - 2015 shows a relatively slow and low level of efficiency; second: the average productivity of conventional commercial banks with productivity growth during 2010 - 2015 was only 0.5 percent; Third: most conventional commercial banks are in quadrant 4, which has a relatively low level of efficiency and productivity or has poor performance. Followed by banks in the 3rd quadrant, namely banks with a low level of efficiency but on the other hand have a high level of productivity growth or have a fair performance.
Keyword : Bank Efficiency, Bank Productivity, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI).
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jrak.v6i3.14871
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