Effects of Heat Input and Preheating Temperature on the Microstructure and Hardness of Repairing the Heat-Affected Zone of Thermite Welded Rail Head Surface
Abstract
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abson, D. J. (2018). Acicular ferrite and bainite in C–Mn and low-alloy steel arc weld metals. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 23(8), 635-648.
Aglan, H. A., Ahmed, S., Prayakarao, K. R., and Fateh, M. (2013). Effect of preheating temperature on the mechanical and fracture properties of welded pearlitic rail steels. Engineering, 5(11), 837.
Alhassan, M., and Bashiru, Y. (2021). Carbon equivalent fundamentals in evaluating the weldability of microalloy and low alloy steels. World Journal of Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 782-792.
Allie, A., Aglan, H., and Fateh, M. (2011a). Fatigue crack growth of bainitic rail steel welds. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 16(6), 535-540.
Allie, A., Aglan, H., and Fateh, M. (2011b). Microstructure-fracture behavior relationships of slot-welded rail steels. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 42, 2706-2715.
Ankit, K., Mukherjee, R., and Nestler, B. (2015). Deviations from cooperative growth mode during eutectoid transformation: Mechanisms of polycrystalline eutectoid evolution in Fe–C steels. Acta Materialia, 97, 316-324.
Bonniot, T., Doquet, V., and Mai, S. H. (2018). Mixed mode II and III fatigue crack growth in a rail steel. International Journal of Fatigue, 115, 42-52.
Burapa, R., Oo, H. Z., Sangwiman, W., and Muangjunburee, P. (2024). Influences of preheating parameters on the quality of weld by thermite rail welding. Materials Research Express, 11(6), 066507.
Dahl, B., Mogard, B., Gretoft, B., and Ulander, B. (1995). Repair of rails on-site by welding. Crossings, 900, 55-75.
Fegredo, D. M., Kalousek, J., and Shehata, M. T. (1993). The effect of progressive minor spheroidization on the dry-wear rates of a standard carbon and a Cr-Mo alloy rail steel. Wear, 161(1-2), 29-40.
Grossoni, I., Hughes, P., Bezin, Y., Bevan, A., and Jaiswal, J. (2021). Observed failures at railway turnouts: Failure analysis, possible causes and links to current and future research. Engineering Failure Analysis, 119, 104987.
Hauser, D. (1978). Welding of Railroad Rails-A Literature and Industry Survey. Rail Steels-Developments, Processing and Use, ASTM Special Technical Publication, 644, 118-144.
Hernández, F. R., Okonkwo, A. O., Kadekar, V., Metz, T., and Badi, N. (2016). Laser cladding: The alternative for field thermite welds life extension. Materials & Design, 111, 165-173.
Holly, S., Mayer, P., Bernhard, C., and Posch, G. (2019). Slag characterisation of 308L-type stainless steel rutile flux-cored wires. Welding in the World, 63(2), 293-311.
Ilić, N., Jovanović, M. T., Todorović, M., Trtanj, M., and Šaponjić, P. (1999). Microstructural and mechanical characterization of postweld heat-treated thermite weld in rails. Materials Characterization, 43(4), 243-250.
Jiang, W. J., Liu, C., He, C. G., Guo, J., Wang, W. J., and Liu, Q. Y. (2017). Investigation on impact wear and damage mechanism of railway rail weld joint and rail materials. Wear, 376, 1938-1946.
Jun, H. K., Seo, J. W., Jeon, I. S., Lee, S. H., and Chang, Y. S. (2016). Fracture and fatigue crack growth analyses on a weld-repaired railway rail. Engineering Failure Analysis, 59, 478-492.
Kendall, O., Fasihi, P., Abrahams, R., Paradowska, A., Reid, M., Lai, Q., Qiu, C., Mutton, P., Soodi, M., and Yan, W. (2022). Application of a new alloy and post processing procedures for laser cladding repairs on hypereutectoid rail components. Materials, 15(15), 5447.
Kewalramani, R. G., Riehl, I., Hantusch, J., and Fieback, T. (2023). Numerical investigation of the cooling stage during aluminothermic welding of rails: Rapid welding process without preheating. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 37, 101610.
Khan, A. R., Yu, S., Wang, H., and Jiang, Y. (2019). Effect of cooling rate on microstructure and mechanical properties in the CGHAZ of electroslag welded pearlitic rail steel. Metals, 9(7), 742.
Kozyrev, N. A., Shevchenko, R. A., Usol’tsev, A. A., Prudnikov, A. N., and Bashchenko, L. P. (2020). Development and modeling of differentially heat-strengthened rail welding: welding and local heat treatment modeling. Steel in Translation, 50, 139-145.
Lesage, T., Avettand-Fènoël, M. N., Masquelier, M., Danoix, F., and Kamgaing, L. (2023). Consequences of thermite welding on the microstructure of the heat-affected zone of a carbide-free bainitic steel rail. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 108, 746–763.
Li, W., Xiao, G., Wen, Z., Xiao, X., and Jin, X. (2011). Plastic deformation of curved rail at rail weld caused by train–track dynamic interaction. Wear, 271(1-2), 311-318.
Liu, Y., Tsang, K. S., Zhi'En, E. T., Subramaniam, N. A., and Pang, J. H. L. (2021). Investigation on material characteristics and fatigue crack behavior of thermite welded rail joint. Construction and Building Materials, 276, 122249.
Loder, D., Michelic, S. K., and Bernhard, C. (2017). Acicular ferrite formation and its influencing factors—A review. Journal of Materials Science Research, 6(1), 24-43.
Madariaga, I., Gutierrez, I., and Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H. (2001). Acicular ferrite morphologies in a medium-carbon microalloyed steel. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 32, 2187-2197.
Masoumi, M., Echeverri, E. A. A., Tschiptschin, A. P., and Goldenstein, H. (2019). Improvement of wear resistance in a pearlitic rail steel via quenching and partitioning processing. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 7454.
Mat, M. F., Musah, A. F., Tham, A. G., and Sulaiman, S. A. (2015). Evaluation of Rail Head Surface Repair Using SMAW Process with Pre Heating Condition. Jurnal Teknologi (Science and Engineering), 76(6), 79-83.
Merıç, C., Atık, E., and Şahın, S. (2002). Mechanical and metallurgical properties of welding zone in rail welded via thermite process. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 7(3), 172-176.
Modi, O. P., Desmukh, N., Mondal, D. P., Jha, A. K., Yegneswaran, A. H., and Khaira, H. K. (2001). Effect of interlamellar spacing on the mechanical properties of 0.65% C steel. Materials Characterization, 46(5), 347-352.
Mohamat, S. A., Ibrahim, I. A., Amir, A., and Ghalib, A. (2012). The effect of flux core arc welding (FCAW) processes on different parameters. Procedia Engineering, 41, 1497-1501.
Mortazavian, E., Wang, Z., and Teng, H. (2020). Repair of light rail track through restoration of the worn part of the railhead using submerged arc welding process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 107, 3315-3332.
Muangjunburee, P., Poolsiri, N., Chaideesungnoen, S., Naultem, A., Oo, H. Z., and Kongpuang, M. (2023). XRD observation on the weld metal of resurfaced rail steel. Chiang Mai Journal of Science, 50(4), 1–11.
Mutton, P. J., and Alvarez, E. F. (2004). Failure modes in aluminothermic rail welds under high axle load conditions. Engineering Failure Analysis, 11(2), 151-166.
Nikas, D., Meyer, K. A., and Ahlström, J. (2017). Characterization of deformed pearlitic rail steel. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 219(1), 012035.
Nishikawa, L. P., and Goldenstein, H. (2019). Divorced eutectoid on heat-affected zone of welded pearlitic rails. Jom, 71(2), 815-823.
Oo, H. Z., and Muangjunburee, P. (2023). Improving microstructure and hardness of softening area at HAZ of thermite welding on rail running surface. Materials Today Communications, 34, 105485.
Oo, H. Z., and Muangjunburee, P. (2024). Hardfacing of thermite welded rail by flux-cored arc welding. Wear, 546–547, 205314.
Porcaro, R. R., Faria, G. L., Godefroid, L. B., Apolonio, G. R., Cândido, L. C., and Pinto, E. S. (2019). Microstructure and mechanical properties of a flash butt welded pearlitic rail. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 270, 20-27.
SaifulAkmal, M. N., and Wahab, M. N. (2021). Characterization of UIC-54 rail head surface welded by hardfacing using flux-cored steel wire. Recent Trends in Manufacturing and Materials Towards Industry 4.0: Selected Articles from iM3F 2020, Malaysia, 2021, 763-775.
Saita, K., Karimine, K., Ueda, M., Iwano, K., Yamamoto, T., and Hiroguchi, K. (2013). Trends in rail welding technologies and our future approach. Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Technical Report, 105, 84-92.
Schroeder, L. C., and Poirier, D. R. (1984). The mechanical properties of thermite welds in premium alloy rails. Materials Science and Engineering, 63(1), 1-21.
Skyttebol, A., Josefson, B. L., and Ringsberg, J. W. (2005). Fatigue crack growth in a welded rail under the influence of residual stresses. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 72(2), 271-285.
Su, H., Li, J., Lai, Q., Pun, C. L., Mutton, P., Kan, Q., Kang, G., and Yan, W. (2020). Ratcheting behaviour of flash butt welds in heat-treated hypereutectoid steel rails under uniaxial and biaxial cyclic loadings. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 176, 105539.
Tressia, G., Sinatora, A., Goldenstein, H., and Masoumi, M. (2020). Improvement in the wear resistance of a hypereutectoid rail via heat treatment. Wear, 442, 203122.
Weingrill, L., Nasiri, M. B., and Enzinger, N. (2019). Thermo-metallurgically coupled numerical simulation and validation of multi-layer gas metal arc welding of high strength pearlitic rails. Welding in the World, 63, 63-73.
Wu, K. M., and Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H. (2012). Extremely fine pearlite by continuous cooling transformation. Scripta Materialia, 67(1), 53-56.
Yuan, X. Y., Zhan, C. B., Jin, H. B., and Chen, K. X. (2010). Novel method of thermite welding. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 15(1), 54-58.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v9i2.71238
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology is published by UPI.
View My Stats