Inventarisasi Lichen di Kawasan Kampus Bumi Siliwangi, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Lichen atau lumut kerak merupakan organisme simbiotik antara fungi dengan cyanobacteria. Lichen dapat ditemukan hampir di seluruh substrat, seperti pohon batu, maupun tanah. Banyak penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lichen dapat menjadi bioindikator tingkat pencemaran udara di suatu wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi spesies lichen yang berada di wilayah Kampus Bumi Siliwangi UPI. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga titik stasiun yang masing-masing mewakili kondisi lingkungan berbeda. Pada setiap stasiun ditetapkan 10 titik pengamatan berupa pohon inang. Lichen diamati, didokumentasikan, dan diidentifikasi spesiesnya. Hasil menunjukkan species lichen yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu Parmotrema cristiferum dengan frekuensi kemunculan sebesar 32% dan spesies Parmelia saxatilis paling sedikit ditemukan dengan frekuensi 1%. Kondisi tingkat pencemaran yang berbeda antara ketiga stasiun pengamatan tidak memengaruhi keragaman lichen. Uji statistik menunjukkan keragaman lichen di ketiga stasiun pengamatan tidak berbeda nyata.

ABSTRACT

Lichen is a symbiotic organism between fungi and cyanobacteria. Lichens can be found on almost any substrate, including trees, rocks, and soil. Many studies show that lichens can be a bioindicator of the level of air pollution in an area. This research aims to observe lichen species in the area of UPI Bumi Siliwangi Campus. The research was conducted using qualitative descriptive methods and purposive sampling techniques. Sampling was conducted at three station points, each representing different environmental conditions. At each station there are 10 observation points in the form of host trees. Lichens were observed, documented and species identified. The results show that the most abundant lichen species is Parmotrema cristiferum with an abundance of 32% and the least abundant species is Parmelia saxatilis with an abundance of 1%. The different levels of pollution between the three stations did not affect lichen diversity. Statistical tests showed that lichen diversity was not significantly different among the three stations.