_001_-_Copy.jpg)
Optimalisasi Intellectual Capital terhadap Kinerja UMKM Kuliner Dimedasi Innovation Capability
Abstract
Di era informasi, intellectual capital merupakan hal penting dan memiliki nilai ekonomi yang mendorong profitabilitas dan keberlanjutan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi adalah belum semua pelaku UMKM melek teknologi digital yang berkembang di era industri 4.0. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran innovation capability dalam memediasi pengaruh optimalisasi intellectual capital terhadap kinerja UMKM. Metode penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif verifikatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Unit analisis melibatkan 103 UMKM kuliner yang tersebar di Kota Bandung, dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Hasil analisis deskriptif, intellectual capital dan innovation capability termasuk ke dalam kategori cukup, sedangkan kinerja UMKM berada di kategori rendah. Hasil analisis perhitungan Sobel menunjukkan bahwa innovation capability memediasi pengaruh optimalisasi intellectual capital terhadap kinerja UMKM. Namun, secara parsial ternyata intellectual capital berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja UMKM, sedangkan innovation capability berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja UMKM. Artinya dalam pengelolaan UMKM, pemilik/pimpinan mengalami hambatan yang berdampak pada ketidaksejajaran/ketidaksinergian dalam mengoptimalkan intellectual capital yang disebabkan kurangnya kompetensi dalam memanfaatkan peluang.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)References
Abualoush, S., Masa’deh, R., Bataineh, K., & Alrowwad, A. (2018). The Role of Knowledge Management Process and Intellectual Capital as Intermediary Variables Between Knowledge Management Infrastructure and Organization Performance. Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management, 13, 279–309. https://doi.org/10.28945/4088
Aljuboori, Z. M., Singh, H., Haddad, H., Al-Ramahi, N. M., & Ali, M. A. (2022). Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance Correlation: The Mediation Role of Innovation Capability in Malaysian Manufacturing SMEs Perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010154
Ameli Kalkhoran, S. M., Rabiei, K., Seyed Alizadeh, S. M., Heravi, H. M., & Rouzpeykar, Y. (2022). Analyzing Impact of Intellectual Capital on Business Performance Using Structural Models Based on Customer Knowledge Management. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7453565
Andayani, I., Roesminingsih, M. V., & Yulianingsih, W. (2021). Strategi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pelaku UMKM Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Pendidikan Nonformal, 16(1), 12-.
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2020). Human Resource Management Practice. Pearson Education Limited.
Asegaff, D. M. (2015). Knowledge Sharing Sebagai Sumber Inovasi dan Keunggulan Bersaing Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Sektor Batik. Issn, 2(1), 208–221. http://lppm-unissula.com/jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/cbam/article/view/306/253
Bag, S., Gupta, S., & Kumar, S. (2021). Industry 4.0 Adoption and 10R Advance Manufacturing Capabilities for Sustainable Development. International Journal of Production Economics, 231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107844
Barkat, W., Beh, L. S., Ahmed, A., & Ahmed, R. (2018). Impact of Intellectual Capital on Innovation Capability and organizational Performance: An Empirical Investigation. Serbian Journal of Management, 13(2), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.5937/sjm13-16997
Beltramino, N. S., Garcia-Perez-de-Lema, D., & Valdez-Juarez, L. E. (2022). The Role of intellectual Capital on Process and Products Innovation. Empirical Study in SMEs in an Emerging Country. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 23(4), 741–764. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2020-0234
Budiman, B. (2020). Pengaruh Implementasi Knowledge Management terhadap Kinerja Organisasi Melalui Inovasi sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Empiris pada Usaha Mikro di Kota Magelang). Doctoral dissertation, Skripsi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang.
Cahyaningati, R., Muttaqien, F., Sulistyan, R. B., Paramita, R. W. D., & Ana, S. R. (2022). Modal Intelektual, Manajemen Pengetahuan dan Kinerja UMKM serta Kecepatan dan Kualitas Inovasi sebagai Variabel Mediasi. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 32(8), 2227. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2022.v32.i08.p20
Chang, W. J., Liao, S. H., & Wu, T. Te. (2017). Relationships among Organizational Culture, Knowledge Sharing, and Innovation Capability: A Case of the Automobile Industry in Taiwan. Knowledge Management Research and Practice, 15(3), 471–490. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41275-016-0042-6
Demartini, M. C., & Beretta, V. (2020). Intellectual Capital and SMEs’ Performance: A Structured Literature Review. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(2), 288–332. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2019.1659680
Diskuk. (2023). Proyeksi Jumlah Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) Berdasarkan Kabupaten/Kota dan Kategori Usaha di Jawa Barat. Dinas Koperasi Dan Usaha Kecil. https://opendata.jabarprov.go.id/id/organisasi/dinas-koperasi-dan-usaha-kecil?data=dataset
Dristianto, A., & Rodhiyah, R. (2016). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital terhadap Kinerja Penjualan Melalui Inovasi Produk sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Batik Tulis Lasem Kabupaten Rembang. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis, 5(4), 245–254.
Ekon.go.id. (2021). UMKM Menjadi Pilar Penting dalam Perekonomian Indonesia. Kemenperin.Go.Id. https://ekon.go.id/publikasi/detail/2969/umkm-menjadi-pilar-penting-dalam-perekonomian-indonesia
Essianda, I. (2016). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital terhadap Financial Performance melalui Innovation Capability sebagai Intervening Variable pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Surabaya. Business Accounting Review, 4(1), 481-492., 481–492.
Fajar. (2022). Kontribusi UMKM Terhadap PDRB Jawa Barat Capai 57,14 Persen. Fajarcirebon. https://fajarcirebon.com/kontribusi-umkm-terhadap-pdrb-jawa-barat-capai-5714-persen/#:~:text=Kontribusi UMKM Terhadap PDRB Jawa Barat Capai 57%2C14 Persen,-November 4%2C 2022
Fan, M., Qalati, S. A., Khan, M. A. S., Shah, S. M. M., Ramzan, M., & Khan, R. S. (2021). Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Social Media Adoption and SME Performance: The Moderating Role of Innovation Capabilities. PLoS ONE, 16(4 April 2021), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247320
Giampaoli, D., Sgrò, F., & Ciambotti, M. (2019). Knowledge Management, Intellectual Capital and Innovation Performance in Italian SMEs. Proceedings of the European Conference on Knowledge Management, ECKM, 1(October), 381–389. https://doi.org/10.34190/KM.19.143
Hartarto, A. (2021). Pemerintah Terus Perkuat UMKM Melalui Berbagai Bentuk Bantuan. Kemekeu.Go.Id. https://www.kemenkeu.go.id/publikasi/berita/pemerintah-terus-perkuat-umkm-melalui-berbagai-bentuk-bantuan/
Hashim, M. J., Osman, I., & Alhabshi, S. M. (2015). Effect of Intellectual Capital on Organizational Performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211(September), 207–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.085
Heenkenda, H. M. J. C. B., Xu, F., Kulathunga, K. M. M. C. B., & Senevirathne, W. A. R. (2022). The Role of Innovation Capability in Enhancing Sustainability in SMEs: An Emerging Economy Perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710832
Hussinki, H., Ritala, P., Vanhala, M., & Kianto, A. (2017). Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management Practices and Firm Performance. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 18(4), 904–922. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2016-0116
Javed, H. A., Khan, N. A., Michalk, S., Khan, N. U., & Kamran, M. (2023). High-Performance Work System and Innovation Capabilities: The Mediating Role of Intellectual Capital. Administrative Sciences, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13010023
Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (1996). The Translating Strategy Into the Action The Balance Scorecard. Harvard of College.
Khalique, M., Bontis, N., Bin Shaari, J. A. N., Yaacob, M. R., & Ngah, R. (2018). Intellectual Capital and Organisational Performance in Malaysian Knowledge-Intensive SMEs. International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 15(1), 20–36. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLIC.2018.088345
Kiyabo, K., & Isaga, N. (2020). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Competitive Advantage, and SMEs’ Performance: Application of Firm Growth and Personal Wealth Measures. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00123-7
Malhotra, N. K. (2020). Marketing Research: Applied Insight (7th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
Martí, J. M. V. (2007). In Search of an Intellectual Capital General Theory. Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, 1(2), 213–226. http://www.ejkm.com/search/?name=keywords&value= strategic management
Masoomzadeh, A., Zakaria, W. N. W., Masrom, M., & Khademi, T. (2020). Intellectual Capital as Key Asset in Iranian Automotive Industry. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 8(1), 429–439.
Nengah, N., Ekayani, S., Bagus, I., Purbawangsa, A., Sariani, N. K., & Suriani, N. N. (2021). Inovasi Teknologi memediasi Pengaruh Intellectual Capital terhadap Kinerja UMKM. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian …, 7(4), 658–669. https://jurnal.iicet.org/index.php/jppi/article/view/1285%0Ahttps://jurnal.iicet.org/index.php/jppi/article/download/1285/999
Rajapathirana, R. P. J., & Hui, Y. (2018). Relationship between Innovation Capability, Innovation Type, and Firm Performance. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 3(1), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2017.06.002
Ramanayake, G.P.; Darshani, R. K. N. D. (2020). Factors Influencing the Innovation Capability of SMEs in Hambantota District. In : 7th HRM Student Research Symposium.
Salva, S. A., Anggraini, F., (2022). Peran Corporate Entrepeneurship Sebagai Mediasi Hubungan Antara Intellectual Capital Dengan Kinerja Usaha Kecil Menengah. 1–2.
Saunila, M. (2020). Innovation capability in SMEs: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 5(4), 260–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2019.11.002
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods For Business: A Skill-Building Approach, (7th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Septiani, R. N., & Wuryani, E. (2020). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Inklusi Keuangan terhadap Kinerja UMKM di Sidoarjo. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 9(8), 3214. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2020.v09.i08.p16
Siahaan, D. T., & Tan, C. S. L. (2020). Antecedents of Innovation Capability and Firm Performance of Indonesian ICT SMEs. Asian Journal of Business Research, 10(2), 45–71. https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.200083
Yousefi, N., Ahmady, R., & Mehralian, G. (2022). Intellectual Resource and New Product Performance: Mediating Role of Innovation Capability. International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 19(2), 154.
YuSheng, K., & Ibrahim, M. (2020). Innovation Capabilities, Innovation Types, and Firm Performance: Evidence From the Banking Sector of Ghana. SAGE Open, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020920892
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/manajerial.v23i1.68319
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Manajerial is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View My Stats