Model Matematika Resistensi Bakteri Staphylococcus Aerus terhadap Antibiotik Ciprofloxacin serta Respon Sistem Imun
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is one of the most serious public health problems. These bacteria develop a defense mechanism against antibiotics, often called immune. In this study, the authors propose a mathematical model that describes the dynamics of sensitive staphylococcus aerus bacteria infected by ciprofloxacin antibiotics, resistant staphylococcus aerus bacteria, and immune cells assuming that the resistance is obtained from the mutations of sensitive bacteria exposed to antibiotic exposure. Qualitative analysis found a balance of the number of bacteria produced by sensitive bacteria that survive the effects of antibiotics and immune cells is less than the number of bacteria produced by resistant bacteria where resistant bacteria would coexist with immune cells in a person's body. The results of this analysis show the fact that when a person's immune system weakens, there is a higher chance of being infected. So, the parameter that can be controlled to suppress the population of resistant bacteria is the effectiveness level of immune cell response to bacteria, this result is supported by numerical simulations performed on the model.
Keywords: Antibiotic, Bacterial Resistance, Equilibrium Points, Immune System, Ordinary Differential Equations Systems, Stability.
Abstrak
Munculnya bakteri yang resisten atau kebal terhadap antibiotik menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat paling serius. Dalam penelitian ini, dikaji model matematika yang menggambarkan dinamika bakteri Staphylococcus aerus sensitif yang terpapar antibiotik ciprofloxacin, bakteri Staphylococcus aerus resisten, dan sel imun dengan anggapan bahwa resistensi diperoleh dari mutasi bakteri sensitif terkena paparan antibiotik. Analisis kualitatif menemukan adanya keseimbangan saat jumlah bakteri yang diproduksi oleh bakteri sensitif yang bertahan terhadap efek antibiotik dan sel imun kurang dari produksi bakteri resisten di mana bakteri resisten akan hidup beriringan dengan sel imun di dalam tubuh seseorang. Hasil dari analisis ini menunjukan fakta bahwa ketika sistem imun tubuh seseorang melemah, maka peluang terinfeksi lebih tinggi. Jadi, parameter yang dapat dikontrol untuk menekan populasi bakteri resisten adalah tingkat efektivitas respon sel imun terhadap bakteri, didukung oleh simulasi numerik yang dilakukan pada model.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jem.v9i2.40056
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